Friday Fun Links 1-11-13

From sciencebasedmedicine.org a review of a great new paper titled “Is everything we eat associated with cancer? A systematic cookbook review.”  Spoiler alert: the answer is yes.


As a blogger, I suppose I shouldn’t enjoy ads for newspapers, but this one was really clever:

I especially like the part with the Indian.

From the Onion:
Breaking News: Series Of Concentric Circles Emanating From Glowing Red Dot
Experts are still trying to determine the effect of the concentric circles on the long squiggly green objects. located in the blue area.

I’m headed to Salk Lake City for a conference in a few weeks.  Glad I’m doing it in 2013 and not 1857, when it would have taken at least 3 weeks to get there.

Wednesday Brain Teaser 1-8-12

Not a brain teaser in the traditional sense, but a question I’d like an answer for….

Is there any reason why we can’t use the military model of conscientious objection as a compromise solution for the contraception mandate part of the Affordable Care Act?  Wouldn’t it make sense to allow organizations to apply, show that their objections stem from a deeply held religious belief that has influenced their business/organization in many ways, and offer up a different public service in lieu of the coverage they found objectionable?  Say, a donation to a child health program in the state?  
I try not to get political here, but I don’t see why we’re having a national fight over Faith vs Public Good when we’ve actually already had this discussion and come up with a solution that seemed to work relatively well?  
Someone get me Mitt Romney’s email address…he’s more than qualified and I hear he’s not busy right now.

Please raise objections, I’m honestly curious why this wouldn’t work.

The most unexpected fact check you’ll see all day

In my morning perusal of the internet, the Washington Post headline “the saddest graph you’ll see all day” caught my eye.  It turns out it was this infographic about rape*:

Now if you’ve read my blog at all, you know that I consider every infographic guilty until proven innocent, so I figured this one was equally lousy, and I didn’t think much more about it.
I was going to take another look at it this afternoon, but then I went to Slate.com and found that Amanda Marcotte had already done a take down of exactly how terrible this graphic is.  Let me just say, when that’s the person fact checking you, something’s gone terribly wrong.
In case you’re curious, the glaring issues with this infographic are: it uses the label “rapists” interchangeably with “rapes” (implying 1:1 ratio), it mixed UK data with US data (the # of unreported rapes is based on something out of an old UK study)….the actual estimate of unreported US rapes is 54%, and they mix false accusations (where someone was accused wrongly) with false complaints (where someone said it happened but didn’t name a suspect). 
Can I say it again?  I HATE INFOGRAPHICS.



*Since when are you allowed to call an infographic a graph?

Rich mom poor mom sick mom?

Back in August, right after I gave birth to the little lord, I did a post on why I thought a lot of research around  best practices for caring for infants was skewed.  At the time, I was pondering the difference the selection bias around mothers who had time and resources to engage in lots of skin to skin contact with their infant or to breastfeed for more than a few weeks vs those who did not(sparked in part by Mayor Bloomberg’s initiative to make formula harder to get in the hospital so women would be more likely to breastfeed).

Well, last week Time magazine did me one better.

In an excellent piece, Lisa Selin Davis points out that there is almost no research on whether there can be underlying medical conditions that affect a woman’s ability to breastfeed.  The justification for this is that women should be able to do it because “it’s a normal mammalian function”.

As the article points out, this is a positively stunning thing for a doctor to say.  The vast majority of non-injury related ailments we treat are things that aren’t working normally.

As I mentioned in my single moms post, sometimes we need more granular categories for the things we talk about broadly.  While breastfeeding is good for babies, do babies whose mothers are medically unable to feed them this way really have worse outcomes?  If this problem is so unacknowledged, has a study like that ever been done?

More weekend map fun

I liked the map I put up yesterday, but then I found this one (via chartporn) which is even more fun.  It’s from 1927 and it was a guide to where in California you should shoot your movie if you wanted it to look like other regions of the world.  I like that “Sherwood Forest, England” is it’s own category.

Weekend Moment of Zen 1-5-13

A Laconic History of the World from MapHugger
The creator explains:

This map was produced by running all the various countries’ “History of _____” Wikipedia article through a word cloud, then writing out the most common word to fit into the country’s boundary. The result is thousands of years of human history oversimplified into 100-some words.

Reader’s guide here.

Apparently Pakistan (country) is actually India (word).

Is it better to be raised by a single mom?

Now there’s a headline that’s too irresistible not to click….”It’s better to be raised by a single mom“.

I was looking forward to this article, as my master’s program specialized in marriage and family issues…so I was expecting some new and interesting study I could take a look at.

Spoiler alert: there is no study.  I’m going to talk about it anyway.

It turns out Slate.com is running a new series on single moms that they are soliciting essays for with this line:

Readers, we invite you to submit your testimonies on why being raised by a single mother, or being a single mother, has its benefits and might even be better than having both parents around.

This article is the first personal essay where the mother asserts that her kids are not doomed to failure like all the studies say, but rather they are doing better than their peers.  Her primary argument is actually not a ridiculous one: her kids went through difficult times with her and developed more resilience than they would have otherwise.  Almost anyone who went through a difficult time financially/emotionally/physically/all of the above when they were younger will say in adulthood it made them stronger….so I can see what she’s saying.

On the other hand, we all know the headline is enticing because you simply can’t draw any action from the conclusion without getting ridiculous.  No one would divorce their spouse they were otherwise happy with in order to give their kids “more grit” like the writer asserts hers have.  This is similar to people who escaped childhood poverty….it might have made them stronger, but none would purposefully go back in order to raise their kids in the same way.

But opinions on her article aside, from the data point of view, I am baffled that in 2013 we are still referencing data on “single moms” as though that group were even approaching homogeneous.  When I tracked back some of the links were they were explaining why they were doing this series, it appears it all started with the study from this summer that found the majority of women under 30 who give birth are unmarried.  This is an interesting stat, but it’s worth pointing out that unmarried does not necessarily mean solo, and “single” can reference either.

That being said, there are four categories of single mothers I can think of, all with different factors that affect outcomes:

  1. Single mothers who are single because their spouse died.  Possible variables include at what point the child’s father died, how involved both families are, if there’s any trauma surrounding the circumstances of the death in particular.
  2. Single mothers who were married, but got divorced. Possible variables include timing of divorce, level of the father’s involvement, and how acrimonious the divorce was, and how hostile the marriage was before the divorce.
  3. Single mothers who were unmarried at the time they gave birth.  Possible variables include how long they knew the father beforehand, commitment level/father’s involvement and cohabitation status.
  4. Single mothers who became mothers intentionally sans partner.  This is a small category, but possibly growing.  This is mostly 30s-ish women who choose to adopt or use a donor to achieve a pregnancy and child without any recognized father.
All of these categories will have different permutations, though #4 is the most uncharted and  #3 tends to span the widest range.  A mother who is simply categorized as “unmarried” could have had a one night stand or she could have been living with a partner for 10 years.  Financial status, family involvement, dating practices and time single will effect all of these scenarios, but I think it’s unfair to lump these four categories together any more.
If Slate wants to do the world a real public service when it comes to single motherhood, they should focus on soliciting writers from each of these categories to acknowledge the unique challenges that come with each.  Whether it’s research or anecdotal data, we need to start acknowledging the differences in these categories.

The teachers that matter

I realize that I don’t often talk about teachers or pre-college math and science education on this blog, but today I’m making an exception.  You see, today is my grandmother’s birthday, and it feels only fitting to reflect on one of the most wonderful educator’s I have ever known.

My grandmother was my first official teacher.  She home schooled me in Kindergarten, and then started a school that I went to for all of elementary school.  Some of my readers went their as well, and some sent their children there.  I’m sure they’d all agree with me….she was an unforgettable teacher, the kind of person every child should have to guide them early on.
She had high expectations for every child she met, and was one of those people who brought out the best in all the children she encountered.  She believed every child was special, and had a peculiar brand of discipline that helped convey this.  With just a quick look she could make you feel embarrassed that you’d stepped out of line.  “I know you’re a good and smart child” her eyes would say “and when you do things like that you don’t live up to your potential”.  Her nature could calm the rowdiest of boys and the silliest of girls.  She knew the difference between a kid with too much energy and a real behavior problem, and she treated both with kindness.
She always pushed her students to explore a little more, read a longer book, do a harder math problem, go explore the world in new and interesting ways.  She put on the best darn science fairs for little kids I’ve ever seen.
I wish we had more teachers like my grandmother, people who truly love steering a child to discover new things.  It’s not only the best way to teach science, but really any subject.  
So happy birthday Grammie, may your day be filled with joy and thank yous from the many people you’ve taught over the years….including all 5 children, 12 grandchildren, and 6 great grand children.
Also, maybe next year get call waiting?  This is the second year in a row I have made 3+ attempts to get through with no success.

Life, death and disability OR more on guns and automobiles

I was chatting with my grandmother this morning, and somehow we ended up talking about the traffic fatality study I posted about on Friday.  I mentioned to her that according to the article, traffic fatalities (for 2011) were as low as they were in 1949.  

We were discussing the reasons for this drop, and it occurred to me that over the very long term, improved medical care was quite possibly a big reason why we hadn’t quintupled the number of automotive related deaths when we quintupled the number of car (in 1949 we only had 17% of the cars we have now, and drove 14% of the miles).  Simply put, an accident that would prove fatal in 1949 quite likely would not be fatal today, even with the same injuries.  There are more hospitals, more first responders, and more technology available once you get to the hospital.
This shift in medicine comes up fairly frequently in a variety of statistics that get thrown out there.  It is always worth noting that sometimes improving some metrics will naturally make others worse.
For example, a recent study showed that life expectancy for the average person worldwide is going up, but that some of those gains in life expectancy are offset by increased years of disability.  Now in some cases, those two things are related….if we can treat disabling condition but not cure it, your life expectancy will go up even as your years living disable go up.
Another example is the number of disabled veterans we have coming back from the Iraq/Afghanistan wars.  More vets are returning with physical and mental disabilities, in part because the injuries they sustained would have been lethal in previous generations.  
I’m curious if improved health care has had a long term effect on gun deaths.  It strikes me that since most of them are suicides, it is likely advances in medical technology may not help as much, as they would probably maintain a fairly constant level of fatality from the get go.
While we’re on the topic of gun fatalities, Bloomberg News put together a chart that projected that gun fatalities will surpass automotive deaths by 2015.  
From the looks of this chart, they didn’t base their trends on anything prior to 2008.  I’m somehow doubting this is really going to play out the way they claim, especially since 2012 showed an increase.
Someone get Nate Silver on this.